As of the end of 2018, invention patents per 10,000 population recorded 111.2 in Beijing, ranking first in China and 10 times the national average. Valid trademark registrations also achieved significant increase, reaching 1,500,500 and increasing by 31.4% in 2018. In 2019, Beijing will provide strictest IPR protection, continue to improve business environment, improve the IPR operation system and strengthen IPR service and management. The city will also advance the integration and development of patents, trademarks and geographical indications.